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The collapse of the Soviet Union and the consequent triumph of the United States, and the attempt to impose the American model at the global level open a real Pandora's box: it was a prelude to two decades of permanent instability, social and economic, military intervention and brutal wars with millions of victims, from those in the Persian Gulf to the wars in the Balkans or in the Middle East, whether by direct involvement of the global hegemon or foreign agency, for American interests.

There is much talking nowadays about the emergence of the People's Republic of China as the superpower thatwould restore the bipolar model in the context of global geopolitics. Nevertheless, I believe that such a viewpoint expressesan excessively ‘economicist’ approach of the matter.  China lacks the military capability needed to match American hegemony, and we all know that relations of power are defined ultimately by sheer force. Thus, I believe that theprogressive consolidation of the links established by the SCO-Shanghai Cooperation Organization (a mutual security treatysigned in 2001 between the governments of Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, involvinghigh level military cooperation between the signatory States ) soon will become one of the axes of gravity of global geopolitics, as opposed to the 'Atlanticist' block championed by the U.S.. We’ll have therefore a bipolar model integrated by multipolar actors. Observers States of the SCO, such as Iran and Pakistan, on one hand; and U.S. satellites at othercontinents besides Europe, such as Israel and Saudi Arabia, will continue to orbit around the power centers mentioned above.

The regime in Iran demonstrates greater integrity – religious integrity than most of the other regimes in the world of Islam. For example, Prophet Muhammad ^saw - Allah’s Blessings be upon him prophesized – this is his prophesy - that Muslims are going to form an alliance with Rum. It’s spelt it is pronounced R.O.O.M. – room - but the Arabic word Rum it describes Eastern Christian - Christianity when they broke away from Constantinople and they formed the Church in Rome – the Roman Catholic Church. Then you had two Christianities – one of the East - the Byzantine and one of the West which is now Rome. So the one in the East was called Rum - and in the Qur’an Allah^swt refers to it as Rum. And when Muslims conquered Constantinople in a conquest which was largely shameful, uhh? and embarrassing for Islam - when they conquered Constantinople then Rum was transferred to Moscow. And so today Rum is Moscow and the allies of Moscow. So the Prophet saw prophesized that we Muslims would make an alliance with Rum. Today who is making an alliance that alliance with Rum? Who is showing religious integrity? It’s not Saudi Arabia which is allied with the Anglo- American Zionist Alliance. Rather it is Iran. And now Pakistan finally - since the sword is at its throat now – because India is lusting to attack from the East and NATO is preparing to attack from Afghanistan to destroy Pakistan’s nuclear plants and nuclear weapons and to break up Pakistan into bits and pieces – that’s their plan. Now that the Pakistani regime has realized that the moment of truth has arrived after all these years of foolishness – now they’re trying to build closer ties with Russia. Personally I think it’s too late now for them to do that.

Natella Speranskaya: The collapse of the Soviet Union meant the cancellation of the Yalta system of international relations and the triumph of the single hegemon - the United States, and as a consequence, transformation of the bipolar world order to the unipolar model. Nevertheless, some analysts are still talking about a possible return to the bipolar model. How do you feel about this hypothesis? Is there a likelihood of emergence of a power capable of challenging the global hegemon?

Raphael Machado: Whenever the possibility of a return to the bipolar model is mentioned the major contender for the place previously occupied by the USSR is usually considered to be China, specially because of its rising economic and military capabilities. This is a possible scenario, but it isn’t really as desirable as we could initially think, because since Deng Xiaoping’s capitalist reforms China’s economic partnership with the United States has grown stronger, as have the diplomatic contacts between both countries. Hence, a bipolar world where the poles are represented by the U.S. and China possibly doesn’t offer a real anti-globalist alternative for the oppressed peoples of the world.